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Stamp Duty Land Tax Calculator, Forms and Exemptions

Stamp duty – or more precisely stamp duty land tax (SDLT) – is a tax paid by individuals who purchase a freehold, leasehold or shared ownership residential property in England, Northern Ireland and Wales. Taxes are generally charged as a percentage of the purchase price and depend on the type of property purchased i.e. residential property and commercial property. This tax is chargeable on residential property where the consideration exceeds £250,000 and on those involving commercial or mixed-use property where the consideration exceeds £150,000. One should also be aware of the changes in SDLT being done in 2017 before purchasing any property.

As the name suggests, Stamp duty land tax (SDLT) replaced stamp duty on land transactions. Like its predecessor, SDLT is charged primarily on sales of land as a percentage of the purchase price and must be paid before the transaction can be registered with the Land Registry. But what exactly is Stamp Duty or SDLT? In the context of property of land, Stamp Duty is nothing more than a property tax. This article takes you through the various aspects of Stamp Duty, and explains it in layman’s terms.

How is stamp duty calculated?



* This calculator is only for reference purposes. For accurate and detailed report, please consult with an accountant. *

Calculating stamp duty land tax

As mentioned earlier, tax is chargeable on a percentage of the ‘chargeable consideration’ given for the transaction. A tier structure is put in place for various types of property, where buyers pay a rate based on the entire property purchase price.

Property Price Stamp Duty
Not more than £250,000 0%
More than £250,000 but not more than £925,000 5%
More than £925,000 but not more than £1,500,000 10%
More than £1,500,000 12%

When you buy property for £295,000, the SDLT will be calculated accordingly:

  • 0% on the first £250,000 = £0
  • 5% on the final £45,000 = £2,250
  • total SDLT = £2,250

NOTE: The tax authorities make no distinction between the property and the fixtures and fittings attached to the property. In other words, fixtures and fittings are also taxable. So, if a house is bought for £100,000 and you reckon that fixtures and fitting are worth 3,000 you cannot pay stamp duty of only £97,000.

Stamp Duty on Second Properties

If you plan on buying a second home you will attract a higher tax rate however there is some reduction on buying a property for the first time. For every additional band, you will be required to pay 3% higher.

Anything other than your primary residence constitutes a second home. This includes holiday homes, property investments or property within a family. This applies even in the case when your primary residence is in another country.

Property Price Stamp Duty
Not more than £250,000 3%
More than £250,000 but not more than £925,000 8%
More than £925,000 but not more than £1,500,000 13%
More than £1,500,000 15%

A person can also calculate SDLT online by visiting HMRC’s site.

SDLT forms

For getting forms for filling up SDLT , one must take note of all the rules and regulations before submitting it to HMRC.

Note: If the property you are buying is replacing your existing home, you will not be liable to pay the additional 3%. If you havent been able to sell your existing home, you can apply for a refund up to 36 months after you sell your existing home. Know more on how to get an SDLT refund .

SDLT for non-residential and mixed-use property

Beginning 17 March 2016, SDLT for non-residential and mixed-use property changed to a banding system. This applies for property where the consideration exceeds £150,000. A mixed-use property is one that has both residential and non-residential elements, like a residence connected to a shop.

Non-residential property includes:

  • Commercial property such as shops or offices
  • Agricultural land
  • Forests
  • Any other land or property which is not used as a dwelling
  • Six or more residential properties bought in a single transaction

The SDLT rates are as follows:

Property Price Stamp Duty
For properties up to £150,000 0%
For properties between £150,001and £250,000 2%
For properties over £250,000 5%

SDLT for first time home buyer

First-time home buyers will be exempt from paying Stamp Duty on properties worth up to £425,000. For properties worth between £425,001 to £625,000, Stamp Duty will be exempt on the first £425,000. The remaining £200,000 will be taxed at the standard 5%.

For instance, for a house that is worth £500,000, Stamp Duty will be exempt for the first £425,000. For the remaining £75,000 the standard 5% will apply. Home owners will pay just £3,750 for the property worth £500,000.

Property Price Stamp Duty
First time home owners up to £425,000 0%
First time home owners above £425,000 to £625,000 5%

The Importance of SDLT

Stamp duty on land and buildings currently raises in the region of 6 billion of revenue. While nowadays new taxes are introduced to make the tax system fairer, the purpose of every tax is to raise additional revenue for the state. SDLT is no different, it was introduced to raise money on equivalent land transitions. This has huge practical importance because it underlies every provision of the tax.

Paying your SDLT

Paying stamp duty land tax

Stamp Duty is paid to Her Majestys Revenue and Customs (HMRC) department. After the completion of every property purchase you have to send a SDLT return to HMRC. You must then pay the tax due 30 days from the effective date of the transaction. Luckily there are no penalties for late payment of SDLT, however, you will be liable to pay interest from the due date up to the payment date

Penalties for late filing:

  • From the start of the penalty date, you are liable to pay a fixed penalty £100.
  • 6 months from the penalty date, you are liable to a fixed penalty £300 or 5% of the undeclared tax, whichever is greater. This is in addition to the initial £100 penalty above.
  • 12 months from the penalty date, you are liable for a penalty 12 months from the penalty date.

Exemptions to stamp duty

  • Properties that are registered to companies and cost more than £500,000 have a bases SDLT rate of 15%
  • A relief from stamp duty may be available for a landlord who wants to buy property and is a ‘Registered Social Landlord’
  • Zero-carbon homes under £500,000 are relieved from SDLT. For zero-carbon homes that cost over £500,000 get a reduced stamp duty by £15,000
  • Charities buying property for charitable purposes get an exemption from SDLT.
  • Individuals with ‘Right to Buy’ transactions may be eligible for SDLT discounts

Final Words

If you are taking help from a solicitor, agent or conveyancer to complete your purchase, they will usually file your return and on the final day pay the tax on your behalf. However, keep in mind that they will charge a small fee for their services which they will add to the total amount charged to you at the end.

If you are taking these transactions through on your own, you will be responsible to file the return and pay directly to HMRC the taxes owed. This whole process can seem daunting, and your primary concern will be to not over/under pay. However, don’t be disheartened, take your time and consider your options carefully. This process isn’t a big deal once you get into it, it shouldn’t be a hurdle in the property buying process.

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About the author
Blog Author

Sumit Agarwal
Sumit Agarwal (ACMA ACA India), the Managing partner of dns accountants is a highly respected accountant with expertise in helping owner-managed businesses.

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About the author
Blog Author

Sumit Agarwal
Sumit Agarwal (ACMA ACA India), the Managing partner of dns accountants is a highly respected accountant with expertise in helping owner-managed businesses.

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